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Meds That Treat Anxiety

Anxiety is one of the most prevalent mental health issues that affects 40 million adults in the United States. Many types of medications are available to treat anxiety.

SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) and SNRIs (serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors), like Zoloft, Prozac, Lexapro and Effexor, work to alleviate anxiety by raising levels of the chemical serotonin in the brain. Unlike benzodiazepines, they're not addictive.

SSRIs

The most commonly used anxiety medication is selective serotonin inhibits (SSRIs), including citalopram, escitalopram, and fluoxetine. These drugs also help with depression, and can help relieve the symptoms of other anxiety disorders, including obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). They may take up to a month to begin working.

They work by increasing the amount of certain chemical transmitters within the brain. This includes serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine. These medications are typically the first choice for treating anxiety, but doctors can prescribe other forms of antidepressants, also known as benzodiazepines.

Another class of antidepressants, known as serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) like duloxetine (Cymbalta) and venlafaxine (Effexor), are also used to treat anxiety. They work a little differently than SSRIs in that they reduce the reabsorption rate of norepinephrine and serotonin, but at lower levels than SSRIs. These medications can take a while to begin taking effects, and they are more expensive than SSRIs.

Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), such as imipramine (Tofranil), can be effective in treating some anxiety disorders, notably GAD. However their drowsiness as well as other adverse reactions make them less popular. Another form of antidepressant is monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), can also be used to combat anxiety. However, their strict dietary restrictions and high risk of toxicity restrict their use.

Benzodiazepines are often used to treat panic attacks and anxiety in the short-term like when you wait for SSRIs or SNRIs to begin working. These medications can cause addiction, tolerance, and sedation, as well as withdrawal symptoms like a depression, anxiety, and delirium. The most common benzodiazepines are alprazolam (Xanax), Clonazepam (Klonopin) and lorazepam (Ativan).

Therapy is a vital part of any treatment plan for anxiety. It aids you in better understand your symptoms and their reasons. Many people discover that medication and therapy help them to cope. Some studies suggest that cognitive therapy is just as effective as medication for anxiety. Talk with your doctor about your options and which is the best option for you.

Benzodiazepines

Benzodiazepines create an calming effect, reduce anxiety and relax muscles that are tense. They also alleviate symptoms of bodily stimulation related to fear (like heart racing or trembling) and encourage sleep.

The way they work is by binding to inhibitory neurotransmitters like gamma-aminobutryic acid, or GABA, at receptors in the central nervous system. They increase the effects of GABA by facilitating its inhibitory effect on other neurotransmitters and decreasing the amount of messages that are sent to the amygdala, which is the brain's region which detects threats and gives the sensation of fear.

These medications are sometimes taken for short durations like an attack of panic or a severe anxiety episode. They can help relieve symptoms in 30 to 60 minutes. Benzodiazepines are, in contrast to SSRIs don't stay in the body long. They are fast-acting and often work in a matter of hours, which makes them ideal for situations where you require quick relief (like on a plane flight or before giving an address in public).

They are addictive, and people are generally only prescribed them for up to four weeks at a time. After that time they cease to be effective.

One of the reasons why benzodiazepines were so popular was that they worked and had a few adverse effects when compared with their predecessors like barbiturates or meprobamate. They are safe and have a rapid start, and can be used as anxiolytics in order to reduce anxiety. They can also be employed as sedatives, anticonvulsants, and muscle relaxants.

Benzos are often blamed for the negative attitudes toward anxiety that developed in the 1970s and 1980s. This included the trivialization of the disorder and the perception that benzodiazepine treatment causes physical dependence. Despite this they play a crucial role in the treatment of anxiety disorders, specifically when used in combination with psychosocial interventions such as cognitive behavioral therapy and interpersonal therapy.

Benzos can interact with other drugs and cause unwanted side-effects, such as drowsiness or confusion. It is recommended to inform your doctor about any prescription, nonprescription or herbal medicines you are currently taking or plan to take. Take a look at the British National Formulary A to Z list of medication interactions to find out what medications are safe when taken with benzodiazepines.

Antidepressants

Antidepressants can be effective in treating anxiety and other mental conditions. According to the Anxiety and Depression Association of America, antidepressants -- like SSRIs and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) -- can help reduce chronic anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), panic disorders and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). The FDA has approved antidepressants for other health conditions, such as eating disorders, bipolar disorder and certain kinds of pain.

Most doctors prescribe SSRIs as the first line Treatment For Anxiety symptoms for anxiety, but these medications might not be suitable for all people. If the antidepressants do not work the doctor might suggest an older version known as a tetracyclic or tricyclic antidepressant. These include amitriptyline or nortriptyline and Clomipramine. They're less popular than the newer antidepressants, yet they're still readily available. Your doctor may prescribe the antidepressant with a sedating effect, trazodone (Desyrel) in lower doses to treat anxiety treatment autism or insomnia.

Other antidepressants that can help are the nefazodone (Ferdinand) and duloxetine (Cymbalta). They're also available in generic forms. If they don't work, your doctor might suggest a antidepressant that is sedating, mirtazapine (Remeron) or the antipsychotics quetiapine and olanzapine.

Treatments for other anxiety disorders include beta blockers, which decrease the blood pressure and heart rate by blocking the actions of adrenaline. These medications aren't typically used to treat anxiety alone however they can be effective if coupled with psychotherapy.

Psychotherapy can assist you to change negative thoughts and behaviors that contribute towards your anxiety. It can help you manage your anxiety and teach you strategies for coping. Depending on the severity of your condition exposure therapy or cognitive behavior therapy could be suggested. Cognitive behavioural therapy assists you to learn to challenge unhelpful thoughts, fears and the fear of situations that cause your anxiety. Exposure therapy is the process of increasing the anxiety-inducing situations until they are manageable. This can be done individually or in smaller groups. In both cases, results take time to appear. A combination of medications and psychological therapy is the best treatment for anxiety uk choice for some individuals. Some people find that medication alone is enough to manage symptoms. Discuss with your doctor how you manage your symptoms.

Other Medications

While benzodiazepines and antidepressants are the most frequently prescribed treatment for anxiety, other drugs can help alleviate your symptoms as well. Antihistamines, beta blockers, and buspirone are often prescribed to alleviate anxiety.

These medications correct an imbalance in your brain chemicals and can help ease your symptoms by lowering or blocking the signals that cause you stress and fear. However, they're not an all-in-one solution. You'll still have to take steps to control anxiety, such as physical exercise relaxation techniques, relaxation techniques and psychological therapy.

Your doctor may first prescribe one of the "first first" anxiety medication, which includes SSRIs and SNRIs. According to studies, these medications are the most effective for treating anxiety disorders. The most commonly used SSRIs include sertraline (Zoloft) and fluoxetine (Prozac), citalopram (Celexa), and escitalopram (Lexapro). These medications can cause minor side effects, such as insomnia and nausea, but these tend to subside within 4-8 weeks. They are not addictive, and they don't increase the risk of suicidal thoughts.

The benzodiazepines, alprazolam (Xanax) as well as clonazepam (Klonopin), and diazepoxide (Valium) offer immediate relief for panic attacks and anxiety however they can also cause negative effects such as dizziness, drowsiness, memory and coordination problems, and dependence. They're less well-known over the more traditional barbiturates but they're just as efficient.

Antihistamines, like Vistaril (hydroxyzine) are developed to relieve allergies however, they're also used to ease anxiety symptoms. Hydroxyzine blocks histamine receptors in the brain and may cause a calming effect. It's not a controlled substance, so it doesn't have the same risks of addiction as benzodiazepines.

Another type of medication that may help with anxiety treatment medicines is a class called anticonvulsants, which have been shown to relieve anxiety by interfering with the production and release of dopamine and serotonin. They can be prescribed in conjunction with other drugs or as a temporary treatment for anxiety. Your doctor will assess your symptoms and health history to determine if these medications are suitable for you. They will also discuss the length of time you should take these medications as well as any possible side effects that may occur. Anxiety medication is only available by prescription, which means that a psychiatrist will be required to prescribe it.